Wrench.



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

TODD J. JOHNSON, F REDLANDS, CALIFORNIA.

WRENCH.

1,279,349, Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept, 1'1, 1918, Application filed February 13, 1918. Serial No. 216,874.

To all whom it may concern: tion 3, but it is usual for the purpose of giv- Be it known that I, TQDD J. J OENSON, a ing wrenches considerable strength to make citizen of the United States, residing at Redthese parts in such shape that a supplemental lands, in the county of San Bernardino and wrench may be applied thereto. The lower 60 5 State of California, have invented certain or threaded end 11 of the screw-stem 5 ennew and useful Improvements in Wrenches, gages a nut 12 which stands at the top of the of which the following is a specification. recess 2 and from which hang two spring This invention relates to tools, and more arms 13, each carrying a wedge 14 at its especially to those devices known as end lower end as seen in Fig. 3. I call these 65 wrenches of the type containing a socket respring arms because they could be to a cerducer; and the object of the same is to protain extent resilient, but this might be acduce an end wrench whose socket is reduced complished by mounting them rather loosely by improved means so as to apply it to the on the nut 12. The wedges are of metal, apnut,pipe, or rod to be turned. The inven propriately shaped for the purpose they are 7 15 tion might be said to consist more particuto serve, as will appear below. The lower larly inthe means for reducin the size of end or mouth of the recess is provided with the socket, and for a fuller description therea ring-shaped closure or annulus 15, preferof reference is made to the accompanying ably screwed into place as seen at 16, above specification and drawings, wherein which said recess contains two upright inte- 76 Figure 1 is a side elevation of this wrench gral webs as shown at 17 in Fig. 4. These complete, and I sub-divide the interior into two chambers, in Fig. 2 is a central vertical section of the one of which rests what I will call the fixed same, ]ELW 18 and in the other of which rests the Fig. 3 is a sectional detailof the lower end outer part of the movable jaw 19, whereas its 80 of the wrench with certain parts reversed inner part overlies the webs as seen in Fig. or inverted, 2. The fixed jaw is curved through an arc Fig. i is a horizontal sectionon the line corresponding with the interior curvature of 4 4 f Fi 2; the body, and fits neatly but yet removably Th b d 1 1; thi h. h a large against the two webs. When the annulus 15 86 30 cess in what might be called its lower end, as Is WW y be removed fi di t d t 2, d it upper d may b reversed 1f 1t s deslred to change the d1recternally reduced as shown. This portion t1on 1n which its teeth shall face. The movis, however, made angular upon its exterior ble ]a-w 19, however, is built on a curve as hown at 3 for the application of an 1'- much sharper than. that Of the 1111181 wall 90 $5 dinary wrench thereto as will be explained 0 b dy, Yvhlch 1t toucheS y a O e b low. Within thi upper o ti i 1 point as seen 1n Fig. 4:, and its ends or legs gitudimal opening or bo 4 th ough hi h therefore come out of contact wlth said inner asses the stem 50f e row, the sam r wall; it 1s purposely made so long that the ,,.]ecting-out.the upper end of the-b d d tips of said legs stand inside the webs as 40 preferably having] a collar. ,6 and an gu. shown. Outside the ends or legs of the movla head 7 with a groo 8 betw th able aw and between them and. the inner into which groove projects a finger or tongu surface of the head there are therefore 9 mounted on a screw 10 as shown, Thi formed two spaces which collectively would serves for swiveling the screw within the becrescent-shaped. In each of these I 45 bore}; sothat may b ot t d but ill t mount loosely an appropriate caslng or more advance orrecede, and yet when the screw properly a block 20 whose smaller end 21 is d toward and behind the centerof the whose larger end or base 22 is to, be removed for any reasonthe tongue 9 directe turn dtas e Bobbitt ts-tip passes. out of aw 19 and the groove .{8- andthe screw is freev as'will he stands ad1acent the web 17. It .15 into the .60 understood, ,Any, other equivalent swivel space between each base. and web that the migli however, .be employed. The. head tip of the wedge 14 isforced, when the nut {jis obyiouslymade angular for the recep- 1,2- and arm 13 move downward, and such Qtion of a,wrench, butit might be flattened movement is obviously efiected by turning 1 or given the contourof a thumb piece so that the screw in the proper direct on. 66 it 'c'ould be turned by hand if preferred. From this descriptlon it Wlll be seen that The same may be' said ofthe angular porwith theparts stand'ng normally as ee in a pair of Fig. 4, when an article is inserted into the socket made up by the elements standing within the recess 2, it becomes necessary to reduce the size of that socket so as to grip the article referred to. This reduction is brought about by forcing downward the wedges by turning the screw, and the tips of the wedges pass into the spaces behind the bases 22 of the blocks 20; the latter in turn are moved around toward each other and behind the movable jaw 19, and the jaw is of course forced inward toward the fixed jaw which reduces the size of the space between them. By removing the annulus 15, both jaws may be dropped out of place and reversed end for end, so that in that case their teeth will face in the opposite direction. It is quite possible to bevel off the corners of the bases 22 of the blocks 20, as shown at 23 in Fig. 3, so that the wedges may enter more easily behind them, and in fact it is possible to bevel off the corners at both the upper and lower ends, if desired 10 reverse the blocks or replace them in the event that they should become worn. I find it convenient to remove the annulus 15 for purposes of reversing but its principal function is for the initial insertion of parts and their removal from time to time for purposes of cleaning. I do'not wish to be limited to the size or material of parts, and details other than as given below are not essential.

What is claimed as new is 1. In an end wrench, the combination with a body having an axial bore enlarged at one end into a recess, a screw whose shank is rotatably mounted in said bore, and a nut at the inner end of the screw; of an annulus mounted around the mouth of said recess, fixed and movable jaws supported on said annulus, and means for advancing the movable jaw toward the fixed jaw by theadvance of said nut. 4

2. In an end wrench, the combination with 'a body having a recess in one end and a bore continuing axially therefrom through the other'end of the body, a screw whose shank is swivel'ly mounted through said bor'eand-"has'ahead on its exterior, a'n'ut within said recessthrea'ded onto the screw, arms carried by the nut, and wedges 'atthe tips of the arms; offiked and movable jaw's' mounted within said recess h'ear its mouth, blocks movably mounted behind-the movablejaw, and means for adva nci'ng said blocks'by the advance of'said wedges.

an end' wrench, the combination with'a'body h'aving'a recess in one end and ,a bore continuing axially therefromthrough the othen'end o the body, a serew whose shank is swiv'e 1y mounted through said bore and has ahead on its'exteriona "nut ivitliin said recess threaded Onto the Screw, a pair of 'arinscarried by 'the-hiit, and

wedges at the tips of the arms; of a fixed jaw r movably mounted in said recess, a movab c j aw also "removably mounted in said recess, \-vedge shaped blocks behind said movable jaw, and means for advancing said blocks by the advance of said wedges.

4-. In an end wrench, the combination with a body havin g an axial bore enlarged at one end into a recess, a screw whose shank is rotatably moi'rnted in said here, a nut at the inner end of the screw, and a pair of wedges carried by said nut; of an annulus reinovably mounted around the mouth of said'recess, fixed and movable jaws supported on said annulus, and means for advanc ing the 'i'no'vable jaw toward the fixed jaw by the advance of said wedges.

5. In an end wrench, the combination with a body having an axial boreenl-arg'ed at one end into a recess, a screw whose shan'lr is rotatably mounted in said bore, a nut at the inner end of the screw, and a pair of wedges carried by said nut; of an annulus 'remov ably mounted around the mouth of said recess, fixed and movable jaws supported on said annulus, there being upright webs with in said recess outside thB 'El1dS o'fthe movable jaw and against which the ends ofthe fixed jaw abut when in place, and means for mov ing the movable jaw towardthe fixed ij'aw by the advance of said'wedges.

6. In a wrench, the combination with a body having a recess "in one end, wedges within the bod and means for moying them iongitudinally thereof; of fixedaiidmovable jaws in said recess, and wedge shapedblocks behind the movable jaw moved circumferentially in the recessby the longitudinal movement of the first-named wedges.

7. In a wrench, the combination with a body having in one end a recess provided with Opposite longitudinal webs projecting into it, means fol-partiallyelosingtheunoflth of said recess, afiied jaw wit-hits endsabutting said webs, ante movable jiw withits ends passing inside said webs, both'ja tained in f'sfaid recess by said "mean wedge-sh ed operating means beliih movable "means.

'8. In a wrench, "the combination "with a body having one ens a re cessiprevided with opposite longitudinal webs into it, means forparti'ally closing he ith of saidrecesspa fiited'jawwith itsfends"abjiting said webs,"and a inovable"jaw*fwithits jaw, and skimming-devices said ends passinginsi'de said WebsQbothi" mind in "said "recess by said me rat.

wedge-shape bloeksresting on "said sittin 

